How does a labyrinth seal work?

A labyrinth seal operates based on a non-contact design that takes advantage of the geometric characteristics of its multiple grooves. The design features a series of intricate paths that create a challenging journey for fluids trying to escape. As the rotating shaft spins, centrifugal force acts upon any liquid present, pushing it outward into the grooves of the labyrinth seal. This movement effectively helps to minimize leakage while allowing for a controlled environment inside the assembly.

The non-contact nature of the labyrinth seal means that there is no physical wear between the seal and the rotating component, which leads to improved longevity and reliability compared to contacting seals. The geometrical layout is critical because it creates a large surface area and a long path for the fluid to navigate, thereby decreasing the rate of leakage significantly. This prevents contaminants from entering sensitive areas while retaining necessary lubricants or fluids within the machinery.

Other options do not accurately describe the functionality or design of a labyrinth seal, which is why option A stands out as the correct choice.